I have a function \(f\) that takes a 16-bit string as input & produces a number between 0 and 15 as output.
You give me a string \(s \in \{0,1\}^{16}\) and a number \(n \in \{0,...,15\}\).
It will turn out that \(f(s) = n\).
I have a function \(f\) that takes a 16-bit string as input & produces a number between 0 and 15 as output.
You give me a string \(s \in \{0,1\}^{16}\) and a number \(n \in \{0,...,15\}\).
It will turn out that \(f(t) = n\).
I will flip one bit in \(s\) to get \(t\).

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
What does the function \(f\) do?

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.
\(f(\)
\() = 12.\)

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f\) can be thought of as writing out four bits.
\(f(\)
\() = 7.\)
WANT:

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f(\)
\() = 7.\)
WANT:
\(f\) current:
\(f\) desired:

Think of the bit string of length 16 as being written out in a \(4 \times 4\) grid.
\(f(\)
\() = 7.\)
WANT:
\(f\) current:
\(f\) desired:

Explainer: The Rigged Bits
By Neeldhara Misra
Explainer: The Rigged Bits
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